{"id":32527,"date":"2023-05-10T11:40:28","date_gmt":"2023-05-10T10:40:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/?p=32527"},"modified":"2023-05-10T11:40:28","modified_gmt":"2023-05-10T10:40:28","slug":"how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/","title":{"rendered":"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?"},"content":{"rendered":"

As society becomes more industrial, various pollutants are released into the atmosphere. Combustion is particularly dangerous, as it produces aerosol masses, such as black carbon.<\/h2>\n

Despite it only accounting for a low percentage of aerosol particles, black carbon is extremely damaging<\/a>. This is because of its ability to absorb heat and impede the heat reflection capabilities of surfaces, such as snow.<\/p>\n

Therefore, it\u2019s essential to discover how this aerosol mass interacts with sunlight.<\/p>\n

Researchers from the University of Tokyo have quantified the refractive index of black carbon to the most accurate degree yet. This has the potential to impact climate models.<\/p>\n

The research, \u2018Constraining the complex refractive index of black carbon particles using the complex forward-scattering amplitude<\/a>,\u2019 is published in Aerosol Science and Technology<\/em>.<\/p>\n

The factors driving climate change<\/h3>\n

In the modern world, many factors contribute to climate change.<\/p>\n

Familiar contributors include carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels, sulphur dioxide from cement manufacture, and methane emissions from animal agriculture.<\/p>\n

Black carbon aerosol particles are less known but are particularly important. Essentially soot, it absorbs heat from sunlight and stores it, adding to atmospheric heat.<\/p>\n

Because dark colours are less effective at reflecting light and heat, as this aerosol mass covers lighter surfaces, it reduces the potential of those surfaces to reflect heat back into space.<\/p>\n

\u201cUnderstanding the interaction between black carbon and sunlight is of fundamental importance in climate research,\u201d said Assistant Professor Nobuhiro Moteki from the Department of Earth and Planetary Science at the University of Tokyo.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe most critical property of it is its refractive index, basically how it redirects and disperses incoming light rays. However, existing measurements of black carbon\u2019s refractive index were inaccurate.\u201d<\/p>\n

Moteki continued: \u201cWe took detailed experiments to improve this. With our improved measurements, we now estimate that current climate models may be underestimating the absorption of solar radiation by a significant 16%.\u201d<\/p>\n

Improving current climate model predictions<\/h3>\n

Previous measurements of black carbon\u2019s optical properties were confounded by factors such as lack of pure samples, or difficulties in measuring light interactions with particles of differing complex shapes.<\/p>\n

The team improved this by capturing the black carbon particles in water and isolating them with sulphates or other water-soluble chemicals.<\/p>\n

\"Ambient
Transmission electron microscope images of ambient aerosols collected by an aerosol-impactor sampler installed on the research vessel Shinsei Maru. Red arrows indicate individual black carbon aggregates, most of which were mixed with sulfate (green arrows) and\/or organic materials (light blue arrows) \u00a9 Moteki<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

By isolating the particles, the team was able to shine light on them and analyse the way they scatter, which gave researchers the data to calculate the value of the refractive index.<\/p>\n

Moteki explained: \u201cWe measured the amplitude, or strength, and phase, or step, of the light scattered from black carbon samples isolated in water.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis allowed us to calculate what is known as the complex refractive index of black carbon. Complex because rather than being a single number, it\u2019s a value that contains two parts, one of which is \u2018imaginary\u2019, though its impact is very real.<\/p>\n

\u201cSuch complex numbers with imaginary components are actually very common in the field of optical science and beyond.\u201d<\/p>\n

Therefore, the new optical measurements of black carbon imply that current climate models are underestimating its contribution to atmospheric warming. The team hopes that other climate researchers and policymakers can make use of these findings.<\/p>\n

The method developed to ascertain the complex refractive index of particles can be applied to materials other than black carbon. This allows for the optical identification of unknown particles in the atmosphere, ocean or ice cores, and the evaluation of optical properties of powdered materials, not just those related to the ongoing problem of climate change.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Discover how the presence of black carbon in our atmosphere is underestimating current climate change models.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":32528,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24433],"tags":[3365],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover how the presence of black carbon in our atmosphere is underestimating current climate change models.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Discover how the presence of black carbon in our atmosphere is underestimating current climate change models.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Innovation News Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/InnoNewsNetwork\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Megan Traviss\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@InnoNewsNetwork\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@InnoNewsNetwork\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Megan Traviss\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Megan Traviss\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/person\/357211ccc313d0c608f22a2017c87d87\"},\"headline\":\"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/\"},\"wordCount\":631,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Pollution\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Environment\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2023\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/\",\"name\":\"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00\",\"description\":\"Discover how the presence of black carbon in our atmosphere is underestimating current climate change models.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1080,\"caption\":\"Transmission electron microscope images of laboratory powder samples. Clockwise from top left, fullerene soot, black carbon aggregate from vehicle exhaust, Hematite-TD and Hematite-KJ \u00a9 Moteki\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/\",\"name\":\"Innovation News Network\",\"description\":\"Science, Research & Innovation News\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Innovation News Network\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/inn-logo-yoast-seo-organisation-1920-1080-001.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/inn-logo-yoast-seo-organisation-1920-1080-001.jpg\",\"width\":1920,\"height\":1080,\"caption\":\"Innovation News Network\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/InnoNewsNetwork\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/InnoNewsNetwork\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/innovation-news-network\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/person\/357211ccc313d0c608f22a2017c87d87\",\"name\":\"Megan Traviss\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/73297bad56a7550ffe7b7c582ef5e889?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/73297bad56a7550ffe7b7c582ef5e889?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Megan Traviss\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/megantraviss\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/author\/megantraviss\/\"}]}<\/script>\n","yoast_head_json":{"title":"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?","description":"Discover how the presence of black carbon in our atmosphere is underestimating current climate change models.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?","og_description":"Discover how the presence of black carbon in our atmosphere is underestimating current climate change models.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/","og_site_name":"Innovation News Network","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/InnoNewsNetwork","article_published_time":"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":1080,"url":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Megan Traviss","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@InnoNewsNetwork","twitter_site":"@InnoNewsNetwork","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Megan Traviss","Estimated reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/"},"author":{"name":"Megan Traviss","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/person\/357211ccc313d0c608f22a2017c87d87"},"headline":"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?","datePublished":"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00","dateModified":"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/"},"wordCount":631,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg","keywords":["Pollution"],"articleSection":["Environment"],"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#respond"]}],"copyrightYear":"2023","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/","url":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/","name":"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg","datePublished":"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00","dateModified":"2023-05-10T10:40:28+00:00","description":"Discover how the presence of black carbon in our atmosphere is underestimating current climate change models.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/figure4.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080,"caption":"Transmission electron microscope images of laboratory powder samples. Clockwise from top left, fullerene soot, black carbon aggregate from vehicle exhaust, Hematite-TD and Hematite-KJ \u00a9 Moteki"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/how-black-carbon-damaging-atmosphere\/32527\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"How is black carbon damaging our atmosphere?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/","name":"Innovation News Network","description":"Science, Research & Innovation News","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#organization","name":"Innovation News Network","url":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/inn-logo-yoast-seo-organisation-1920-1080-001.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/inn-logo-yoast-seo-organisation-1920-1080-001.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080,"caption":"Innovation News Network"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/InnoNewsNetwork","https:\/\/x.com\/InnoNewsNetwork","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/innovation-news-network\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/person\/357211ccc313d0c608f22a2017c87d87","name":"Megan Traviss","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/73297bad56a7550ffe7b7c582ef5e889?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/73297bad56a7550ffe7b7c582ef5e889?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Megan Traviss"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/megantraviss\/"],"url":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/author\/megantraviss\/"}]}},"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2025-02-07 14:57:38","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32527"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32527"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32531,"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32527\/revisions\/32531"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}