{"id":27732,"date":"2022-11-28T10:41:56","date_gmt":"2022-11-28T10:41:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/?p=27732"},"modified":"2022-11-28T10:41:56","modified_gmt":"2022-11-28T10:41:56","slug":"advanced-technology-projects-to-efficiently-recycle-nuclear-fuel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.innovationnewsnetwork.com\/advanced-technology-projects-to-efficiently-recycle-nuclear-fuel\/27732\/","title":{"rendered":"Advanced technology projects to efficiently recycle nuclear fuel"},"content":{"rendered":"

The US Department of Energy\u2019s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory<\/a> has been awarded over $6m to develop innovative technologies that focus on recycling used nuclear fuel.<\/p>\n

Until now, the US has not previously recycled nuclear fuel, unlike some European countries such as France. Instead, most of the nation\u2019s used fuel has been\u00a0safely and securely stored\u202fat more than 70 reactor sites across the country. Roughly a quarter of these sites no longer have a reactor in operation.<\/p>\n

However, used nuclear fuel can be recycled to make new fuel and by-products. More than 90% of its potential energy still remains in the fuel, even after five\u202fyears of operation in a reactor.1<\/sup><\/p>\n

A very small fraction of the energy available in nuclear fuel is used during the production of nuclear energy. The amount that remains can be recovered and recycled to create a lot of electricity. The DOE\u2019s Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) estimates that the untapped energy remaining in used nuclear fuel, sometimes referred to as spent nuclear fuel, can generate enough clean energy to power more than 70 million homes.<\/p>\n

Therefore, the DOE has decided to capitalise on these opportunities through two new projects to help the country get even more out of safe, clean nuclear power.<\/p>\n

The Innovation Platform <\/em>takes a look at how these projects will contribute to innovations in safe, clean nuclear energy.<\/p>\n

The DOE\u2019s role in recycling used nuclear fuel<\/h3>\n

Nuclear energy is one of the largest sources of emissions-free power in the world, generating\u202fnearly a fifth of America\u2019s electricity\u202fand half of its clean energy.<\/p>\n

The DOE\u2019s Office of Nuclear Energy (NE) is responsible for ongoing research and development (R&D) related to long-term disposition of\u00a0used nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste (HLW), which are managed by the Office of Spent Fuel and Waste Disposition (SFWD).<\/p>\n

SFWD sponsors work with national laboratories, industry, and academia to examine alternatives and conduct scientific research and technology development to enable long-term storage, transportation, and geologic disposal of used nuclear fuel and radioactive wastes.<\/p>\n

SFWD research has included the investigation of SNF and wastes generated by existing and future nuclear fuel cycle options and technologies that minimise waste generation, improve safety, and complement institutional measures in limiting proliferation risk.<\/p>\n

Closing the gaps in nuclear technology<\/h3>\n

ARPA-E\u00a0awarded more than $6m to\u00a0DOE\u2019s Argonne National Laboratory to develop and demonstrate innovative processes and technologies that focus on recycling used nuclear fuel (UNF). The funding is awarded through the Converting\u00a0UNF\u00a0Radioisotopes Into Energy (CURIE) programme.<\/p>\n

The two projects will demonstrate improved separation technologies to help the US get even more energy out of safe, clean nuclear power.<\/p>\n

Nuclear energy is the source of approximately one-fifth of the total electricity used in the US, and it provided half of the nation\u2019s carbon-free electricity in 2021. Improving electrochemical separation and other\u00a0UNF\u00a0recovery and recycling technologies could help nuclear energy do more. More efficient use of nuclear energy would significantly decrease domestic reliance on fossil fuels and the related greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.<\/p>\n

Moreover, it would reduce waste and produce new fuel for advanced reactors. This last benefit would lead to the deployment of new advanced reactors, which would provide even more safe, clean, and reliable electricity.<\/p>\n

\"Nuclear
\u00a9 iStock\/Filipp Borshch<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Krista Hawthorne, the pyroprocess engineering Section Manager in Argonne\u2019s Chemical and Fuel Cycle Technologies division, is leading the effort. She commented: \u201cOur partnerships with\u00a0ARPA-E\u00a0and industry are incredibly important to closing remaining technology gaps.\u201d<\/p>\n

What do the new projects entail?<\/h3>\n

Argonne will use\u00a0ARPA-E\u2019s funding to advance two nuclear fuel projects. The larger project will combine Argonne\u2019s leadership in nuclear research and development with the experience of nuclear industry partners Oklo Inc. and Deep Isolation. Argonne will collaborate with Case Western Reserve University on both projects.<\/p>\n

The larger project was awarded $4.9m. It focuses on increasing the efficiency and economics of nuclear fuel recycling processes. Argonne, Oklo Inc. and Deep Isolation are working to improve a process that converts\u00a0UNF\u00a0oxide fuel to a metal, that can then be processed to provide useable materials for advanced reactor fuel. The project will combine improvements in stable, next-generation anode materials and sensors used to control the process, which will maximise the amount of material that can ultimately be recovered.<\/p>\n

\u201cImproving the efficiency of fuel recycling processes will help recover and recycle valuable resource materials remaining in used nuclear fuel,\u201d Hawthorne explained.<\/p>\n

The second project was awarded $1.52m. With this project, Argonne researchers will develop, produce and test more efficient industrial chemical processing equipment to reprocess\u00a0used nuclear fuel. The project lead is Argonne radiochemist Anna Servis.<\/p>\n

State-of-the-art facilities that reprocess light water nuclear reactor fuels use equipment known as packed bed columns. Packed bed columns are tall canisters filled with a packing material that mixes the fluids flowing from one end to the other during chemical separations.<\/p>\n

The team\u2019s design instead uses PACERs (Packed Centrifugal Equipment for Radiochemical separations). PACERs are rotating packed bed contactors that are considerably more efficient than the columns. They use centrifugal forces much greater than the pull of gravity to boost the speed and efficiency of chemical separations. They are also notably smaller than the columns. For scale, the size difference can most closely be compared to replacing a water tower-sized packed bed column with a shed-sized\u00a0PACER.<\/p>\n

\u201cUsed nuclear fuel contains a treasure trove of raw materials, including energy-rich uranium, that can be recycled into new fuel, precious metals, and versatile radioisotopes,\u201d said Servis.<\/p>\n

She concluded: \u200b\u201cMining our existing\u00a0UNF\u00a0stockpiles reduces demand for non-renewable minerals and conserves resources for future generations.\u201d<\/p>\n

References<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/ne\/articles\/5-fast-facts-about-spent-nuclear-fuel#:~:text=Spent%20nuclear%20fuel%20can%20be,%2C%20such%20as%20France%2C%20do<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Please note, this article will also appear in the twelfth edition of our\u00a0<\/i><\/strong>quarterly publication.<\/b><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    The US DOE’s Argonne National Laboratory has been awarded over $6m to develop innovative technologies for recycling used nuclear fuel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":27733,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24204],"tags":[24407,24449],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAdvanced technology projects to efficiently recycle nuclear fuel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The US DOE's Argonne National Laboratory has been awarded over $6m to develop innovative technologies for recycling used nuclear fuel.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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